All posts by Steven Novella

Founder and currently Executive Editor of Science-Based Medicine Steven Novella, MD is an academic clinical neurologist at the Yale University School of Medicine. He is also the host and producer of the popular weekly science podcast, The Skeptics’ Guide to the Universe, and the author of the NeuroLogicaBlog, a daily blog that covers news and issues in neuroscience, but also general science, scientific skepticism, philosophy of science, critical thinking, and the intersection of science with the media and society. Dr. Novella also has produced two courses with The Great Courses, and published a book on critical thinking - also called The Skeptics Guide to the Universe.

Author

  • Founder and currently Executive Editor of Science-Based Medicine Steven Novella, MD is an academic clinical neurologist at the Yale University School of Medicine. He is also the host and producer of the popular weekly science podcast, The Skeptics’ Guide to the Universe, and the author of the NeuroLogicaBlog, a daily blog that covers news and issues in neuroscience, but also general science, scientific skepticism, philosophy of science, critical thinking, and the intersection of science with the media and society. Dr. Novella also has produced two courses with The Great Courses, and published a book on critical thinking - also called The Skeptics Guide to the Universe.

A man in a suit speaks at a podium with the U.S. presidential seal, gesturing with his hands, while another man in a suit stands behind him, listening attentively.

RFK Jr. Decimates Vaccine Schedule

As we have been warning for months that he would do, HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. is coming to take away your vaccines. His opening gambit is to remake our system in the image of Denmark, but he won't stop there.

/ January 7, 2026
CDC campus

So Long 2025

This will be my last post of the year and as usual I like to look back at how SBM is doing. We have now completed 17 years as a blog, which I think is something in itself. As always I have to thank David Gorski and all of the regular contributors here for their tireless work without any compensation except fulfilling...

/ December 17, 2025
A medical machine processes blood through tubes attached to a patient’s arm, which is resting on a table; the setup is in a clinical room with various medical devices.

Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation

There is an entire industry catering to people who, as Webb once famously said on the hilarious Homeopathic A&E skit, have “more money than sense.” This is the so-called “wellness” industry, now supercharged by an online army of “wellness influencers”. At first approximation, this entire industry is basically a scam. That may sound unfair, but it is built into its very essence....

/ December 10, 2025
An assortment of fast food and snacks, including a cheeseburger, hot dog, pepperoni pizza slice, french fries, potato chips, chocolate bar, donuts, cookies, popcorn, onion rings, and a glass of soda with ice.

The War Over Ultraprocessed Foods

Recently the city of San Francisco sued several food giants (Kraft Heinz, Mondelez and Coca-Cola) for deceptively marketing “ultraprocessed foods” and then externalizing the resulting health care costs onto the public. They cite a recent Lancet review which concludes: “The totality of the evidence supports the thesis that displacement of long-established dietary patterns by ultra-processed foods is a key driver of the...

/ December 3, 2025
Illustration of a woman lying in bed with labels pointing to her, indicating symptoms: fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, cognitive impairment, post-exertional malaise, and orthostatic intolerance. An image of a house is shown to the right.

A New Test for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome?

The headline reads, “Breakthrough blood test finally confirms Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.” As you might imagine, the story is far more complicated than that. Let’s start with some background of chronic fatigue syndrome, also called myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS). As the name implies, it is a syndrome, meaning a collection of symptoms with a typical natural history – CFS is characterized by severe debilitating...

/ November 26, 2025

Creatine Supplements for Brain Function

There is a long history of supplements marketed to enhance memory, focus, overall cognitive function, and brain health. None of them are backed by quality scientific evidence, and they seem to go through the typical conveyor belt of claims – by the time one claim is collapsing, such as ginkgo biloba, the industry is happy to move on to the next. The...

/ November 19, 2025
Homeopathy tablets

Systematic Review of Homeopathy for Rheumatological Disease

It really makes our job more challenging when otherwise reasonable medical journals publish pseudoscientific nonsense. The European Journal of Rheumatology is considered a respected peer-reviewed journal in the field. I have to wonder if the editors were completely asleep at the switch with this one, or if they may be harboring one or more true-believers (homeopathy remains popular in some corners of...

/ November 12, 2025
Side-by-side CT scan images of a heart; the left shows no calcium in the circled area, while the right highlights visible calcium deposits in the LAD and D1 arteries, both circles marked in red.

Are Cardiac Calcium CT Scans Useful?

My doctor recently recommended that I get a cardiac CT calcium scan to help stratify my risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). So of course I was interested in how good this scan is, because diagnostic tests to assess risk, especially in those who are asymptomatic, can be tricky. I was happy to discover that the short answer is – yes. These tests...

/ November 5, 2025

Rejecting The Null Hypothesis

In various contexts, for practical, philosophical, and logical reasons, there is a default assumption. In the criminal justice system, for example, someone is presumed innocent until proven guilty. Therefore we must act “as if” someone is innocent until the burden of proof is met that they are indeed guilty of the specific crime of which they are accused. In medicine, if someone...

/ October 29, 2025
A gloved hand holds a vial labeled "COVID-19 Coronavirus Vaccine" next to a filled syringe, ready for injection. The background is blurred and light-colored.

The Effectiveness of COVID Vaccines

One of the common themes of SBM is that medical evidence can be very complex. In order to come to any robust conclusion about what the science says on any question you need to do a careful and thorough evaluation of all the relevant evidence, including plausibility as well as observational and experimental clinical evidence. Essentially we want to look at the...

/ October 22, 2025